Comprendiendo y reduciendo los riesgos climáticos: el impacto de Políticas Innovadoras para una respuesta sostenible a las sequías en Cabo Verde

Carlos Germano Ferreira Costa

doi:10.3989/estgeogr.202048.028

Autores/as

Carlos Germano Ferreira Costa Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações, Comissão Interministerial de Mudança Global do Clima. Technical Consultant https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0280-7281

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/estgeogr.202048.028

Palabras clave:

SAHEL, Pequeños Estados Insulares en Desarrollo (PEID), Gobernanza de Riesgos, Impactos Sociales y Resiliencia Social, Gestión para la Reducción de Riesgos de Desastres (RRD)

Resumen

El Sahel ha experimentado graves condiciones de sequía desde la década de 1970, mientras que en África Occidental las sequías extremas se han producido con mayor frecuencia en los últimos años. La sequía es el peligro más relevante en Cabo Verde en términos de pérdidas económicas. Este país archipelágico experimenta condiciones de sequía extrema de manera regular con un impacto particular en el sector agrícola. Aunque la variabilidad climática sea una fuente importante de riesgo, el impacto de la sequía en la agricultura y en la sociedad no solo depende de las características hidrometeorológicas inherentes de una región, sino también de los niveles de exposición y de la vulnerabilidad de las personas, de los sistemas políticos, y agrícolas. En ese sentido, y a la luz de los cambios globales, la comprensión de perspectivas políticas emergentes, para hacer frente a los riesgos relacionados con el clima, son esenciales para beneficiar la planificación y los procesos de toma de decisión. En esta investigación descriptiva de carácter cualitativo buscamos proporcionar a los responsables políticos y a la sociedad civil un esquema actual de desarrollos y factores cruciales que vinculan la reducción de desastres y la integración de la adaptación al cambio climático al desarrollo. Tomamos en consideración Cabo Verde, con especial énfasis en la respuesta de emergencia de sequía entre 2017-18, para discutir los impactos observados del cambio climático en el desarrollo territorial, ya que proporciona la base para comprender enfoques innovadores para analizar los impactos de las sequías y apoyar actividades para la Reducción de Riesgos de Desastres (RRD), al capturar la evolución de los esfuerzos nacionales, asegurando que informan procesos internacionales, a fin de permitir vías resilientes al clima.

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