Actors’ controversies and territorial governance in the southern vicinity of Fez (Morocco)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/estgeogr.2022126.126Keywords:
Suburb, social factors, territorial management, local developmentAbstract
This article discusses the actors’ controversies on the suburban development in the southern vicinity of Fez (the commune of Ain Chkef, Morocco). These controversies are heavily affecting the local development and impose costly burdens in terms of impacts on local systems.
They were analyzed in this article using a synthetic spatial methodology based on socio-spatial data and cartography by ArcGis. The role of terrestrial property on actors’ intense controversies in the area is discussed in terms of the opportunities it offers for investment and as conflicts’ factor between rights’ holders, operators and other developing actors. Controversies are sometimes linked to issues of land value, the development of activities (gentrification, activity zones and actors contesting positions), and to the location of major equipment or environmental resources. The governance and steering of local development under these conditions is complex, because the decision-maker should assimilate the actors’ needs and all influencing parameters in the suburbs, to develop the convergent governance suggested as a solution. It includes clear visions, a further knowledge of territorial stakes, the key factors of the territorial management and the causes and motivations of the actors’ controversies to find adapted solutions and answers to their questions. Convergent governance must be anticipative, communicative and able to create the actors’ convergences.
Suburbs’ complex realities may therefore be best understood using the convergent governance approach with a further consideration of relationality and territoriality that integrate the local, regional and external contextual influencing factors.
Downloads
References
Akdim, S. (2020). L'éloquence spatiale : les traces spatiales des conflits d'acteurs dans la fabrique de la ville, cas de Aïn Chkef, Maroc. Memoir de Master, Ecole Nationale d'Architecture, Nantes, France, 119p.
Arnaboldi, M. and Spiller, N. (2011): Actor-network theory and stakeholder collaboration: The case of Cultural Districts. Tourism Management, 32, 641-654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.05.016
Berger, J. (1987). Guidelines for landscape synthesis: some Directions - old and new. Landscape and Urban Planning, 14, 295-311. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-2046(87)90041-7
Berta, M.-L., Palomob, I., Marina, G.-L, Irene, I.-A., Castroe, A., Del Amoc, D.G., Gómez, B. and Montes C. (2017). Delineating boundaries of social-ecological systems for landscape planning: a comprehensive spatial approach. Land Use Policy, 66, 90-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.04.040
Callon, M. (1986). Eléments pour une sociologie de la traduction. La domestication des coquilles Saint Jacques et des marins-pêcheurs dans la baie de Saint-Brieuc. L'année sociologique, 36, 169-208.
Callon, M. (2006). Les Réseaux sociaux à l'aune de la théorie de l'acteur réseau. Sociologies pratiques, 2 (13), 37-44. https://doi.org/10.3917/sopr.013.0037
Chen, H., Zhu, T., Huo, J., Andre, H. (2020). Co-governance of Smart Bike-Sharing Schemes based on Consumers' Perspective. Cleaner Production, 260, 120949. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120949
Comber, A., Peter, F., Richard, W. (2003). Actor-network theory: a suitable framework to understand how land cover mapping projects develop? Land Use Policy, 20, 299-309. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0264-8377(03)00048-6
Cordonnier, Th. et Gosselin F. (2009). La gestion forestière adaptative: intégrer l'acquisition de connaissances parmi les objectifs de gestion. Revue forestière française, 2, 133-143.
Counsell, D. and Haughton, G. (2006). Sustainable development in regional planning: The search for new tools and renewed legitimacy. Geoforum, 37, 921-931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2006.02.001
Courlet C., Pecqueur B., (1992), Les systèmes industriels localisés en France: un nouveau modèle de développement, in G. Benko, A. Lipietz (eds.), Les Régions qui gagnent, PUF, Paris. 81-102.
Dembski, S., Hartmann, Th., Hengstermann, A., and Dunning, R. (2020). Introduction Enhancing understanding of strategies of land policy for urban densification. Town Planning Review, 91 (3), 209-216. https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2020.12
Floyd, J. and Fowler, Jr. (1995). Improving survey questions. SAGE publications, New Delhi, 196p.
Giraut F. (2013). Territoire multi-situé, complexité territoriale et postmodernité territoriale : des concepts opératoires pour rendre compte des territorialités contemporaines ? L'Espace géographique, 4 (42), 293 - 305. https://doi.org/10.3917/eg.424.0293
Grataloup, Ch. et Margolin, J.-L. (1987). Du puzzle au réseau. Espaces Temps, 36, 55-66. https://doi.org/10.3406/espat.1987.3381
Guidetti G. and Mazzanti, M. (2007). Firm-level training in local economic systems Complementarities in production and firm innovation strategies. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 36, 875-894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2007.01.021
Hacklin, F. (2008). Management of Convergence in Innovation Strategies and Capabilities for Value Creation Beyond Blurring Industry Boundaries. Physica-Verlag, Zurich, 270p.
Hawkins, Ch. V. (2014). Planning and competing interests: testing the mediating influence of planning capacity on smart growth policy adoption. Journal of Environnemental Planning and Management, 57 (11), 1683-1703. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2013.829027
Haut-Commissariat au Plan (2003). Prospective Maroc 2030. Permanences, changements et enjeux de l'avenir. Rapp., Rabat.
Haut-Commissariat au Plan (2014). Principaux résultats de la cartographie de la pauvreté multidimensionnelle, Paysage territorial et dynamique. Rapp., Rabat, 9p.
Hoque, F. (2011). The Power of Convergence, linking Business Strategies and Technology Decisions to Create Sustainable Success. AMACOM (American Management Association), NY., 256p.
Knineh, L. (2005). Ouverture du Maroc sur le marché mondial au 19ième siècle, et ses incidences sur les structures économiques, sociales et politiques au Saïs. Info-Print, Fès, 260p.
Lepennec, E. et Olivaux, M. (2014). Le rôle des parties prenantes dans la gouvernance de la conception des plans communaux de développement au Maroc. Maghreb-Machrek, 219, 25-41. https://doi.org/10.3917/machr.219.0025
Loconto , A., Desquilbe, M., Moreaua,T., Couvet, D., Dorin B. (2020). The land sparing - land sharing controversy: Tracing the politics of knowledge. Land Use Policy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.09.014
Loubaresse, E. et Pestre, F. (2012). Les facteurs de réussite d'une stratégie collective hybride: le rôle de l'acteur-tiers. Communication, AIMS, https://www.strategie-aims.com/
Maleki, E.J. (2000). Knowledge and regional competitiveness. Erdkunde, 59, 234-251 https://doi.org/10.3112/erdkunde.2000.04.04
McFarlane, C. (2011). Assemblage and critical urbanism. City, 15, 204-224. https://doi.org/10.1080/13604813.2011.568715
Newman, P. (2000). Changing patterns of regional governance in the EU. Urban Studies, 37(5-6), 895-908. https://doi.org/10.1080/00420980050011145
Primdahl, J., Lone S. K. and Swaffield S. (2013). Guiding rural landscape change Current policy approaches and potentials of landscape strategy making as a policy integrating approach. Applied Geography, 42, 86-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.04.004
Quinn, R.E. (2004). Building the bridge as you walk on It: A Guide for Leading Change. Jossey-Bass, 256p. https://doi.org/10.1002/ltl.97
Raïs, H., 2016. Planification et Faits urbains à Fès : Continuité, Ruptures et Perspectives de l'action. Thèse doctorat Géographie, FLS, USMBA, Fès, 308p.
Rasheed, Abdul A. and Yoshikawa T., Edits, (2012). The Convergence of Corporate Governance Promise and Prospects. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, 289p. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137029560_1
Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Nurwati, B., Aldrin A. and Behrang, M. (2019a). Sustainable Development Solutions Network. A global Initiative report for the United Nations. Report 2019, 478p.
Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Nurwati, B., Aldrin A. and Behrang, M. (2019b). How governance influences the components of sustainable urban development? Journal of Cleaner Production, 238, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.117983
Rapport de Développement Humain (2006). L'avenir se construit et le meilleur est possible. Rapport du cinquantenaire Développement humain au Maroc, Synthèse, 46p. https://www.ires.ma/documents_reviews/50-ans-de-developpement-humain-au-maroc-et-perspectives-2025/
Seidman, I. (2006). Interviewing as Qualitative Research. Teachers College, Columbia University, New York and London, 177p
Stewart, K. (2006). Designing good urban governance indicators: The importance of citizen participation and its evaluation in Greater Vancouver. Cities, 23 (3), 196-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2006.03.003
Sullivan, P. and Parveen, A. (2019). The effect of territorial stigmatization processes on ontological security: A case-study of Bradford politics. Political Geography 68, 46-54 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2018.10.009
Swyngedouw, E. (2006). Circulations and metabolisms: (hybrid) natures and (cyborg) cities. Science as Culture, 15(2), 105-121. https://doi.org/10.1080/09505430600707970
United Nations (2005). Good Governance Indicators Project.www.unhabitat.org/campaigns/governance/activities_6.asp.
Valeriu, I.-F., Ristea, A.-L., Popescu, C. (2015). Integrated Urban Governance: A New Paradigm of Urban Economy. Procedia Economics and Finance, 22, 699 - 705. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00287-7
Young N. (2006). Distance as a hybrid actor in rural economies. Journal of Rural Studies, 22, 253-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2005.11.007
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
© CSIC. Manuscripts published in both the printed and online versions of this Journal are the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, and quoting this source is a requirement for any partial or full reproduction.All contents of this electronic edition, except where otherwise noted, are distributed under a “Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International” (CC BY 4.0) License. You may read here the basic information and the legal text of the license. The indication of the CC BY 4.0 License must be expressly stated in this way when necessary.
Self-archiving in repositories, personal webpages or similar, of any version other than the published by the Editor, is not allowed.
