Inmigraciones en Europa

Juan A. Cebrián; María Isabel Bodega; María Asunción Martín-Lou

doi:10.3989/estgeogr.201214

Authors

Juan A. Cebrián Instituto de Economía, Geografía y Demografía, CCHS-CSIC
María Isabel Bodega Instituto de Economía, Geografía y Demografía, CCHS-CSIC
María Asunción Martín-Lou Instituto de Economía, Geografía y Demografía, CCHS-CSIC

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/estgeogr.201214

Keywords:

international migrations of population, demography and gender in migrations, labor market, labor integration of immigrants, migration policies, migrations in Europe, Spain, a country of immigration

Abstract

In an interval of only six decades 1950-2010, we have witnessed the five centuries old emigration process interruption that has shaped modern European history. At the end of World War II begins an intense opposite migration flow from former European colonies to their historic metropolis, which had also incorporated other areas that never had that relationship of dependency. This phenomenon is undoubtedly the most important contemporary social process that has taken place in Europe. Such a transformation could only occur by the confluence of important complementary factors. In separate sections of this article we present the main causes of recent immigrations in Europe and what flows within Europe and from other continents can be identified. Second, we explore the key aspects of immigration: demographics, gender and labor market. Then, we study the problems of integration in the host societies and immigration policies that facilitate it. We ended our discussion with references to the singular case of Spain.

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